Living Crazy

. 108 . In the final decades of rhe tWentieth century, industrial 1< isuial labor lost its egemony and in its stead emerged "immareriallabor," that is, labor that reates immaterial products, such as knowledge, information, communi creates Immaterial products, such as knowledge, information, communication, a relationship, or an emotional response.? Conventional terms such as service work, intellectuallahor, and cOK'litive labor all refer to aspects of immaterial labor, but none of them caotures its generality. As an initial approach one can conceive immaterial labor in two principle forms. the first form refers to labor that is immaterial labor, but none of them captures its generality. y. Affective labor is biopolitical production in that it direCi produces social relationships and forms of life. The affective labor that feminists have recognizcd and thc knowledges and intelligence typical of agricultural labor both provide important key to understanding the characreristics of the immaterial paradigm.... 110 . he labor involved in all immaterial production, we should emphasize, mains matetial-it involves our bodies and brains as all labor does. What is immaterial is its product. We recognize that immateriallahor is a I Y ambIguous term in this regard. I t might be better to understand the new hegemonic form as "biopoliticallabor," that is, labot that creates not mly material goods bur also relationships and ultimately social life itself. . 109 .